Standards Activities of Jim Carter

This page includes:


My Interest in Standards

I am involved in standards development for a variety of reasons including:

 

International Standards Organization

TC 159/SC 4/WG 5

Software Ergonomics and Human-Computer Dialogues

I have been a technical expert member of this standards developing working group since 1990.

I am currently the editor (main author) of:

ISO IS 9241-129 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Guidance on individualization, FDIS 2010

This standard provides guidance about individualization within interactive systems, including where individualization might be appropriate or might be inappropriate and recommendations on the application of individualization. It applies to both system-initiated adaptation and human-initiated customization.

I was the project leader (main author) of:

ISO IS 14915 Multimedia user interface design - Software ergonomics requirements - Part 2: Multimedia control and navigation, 2003

This standard incorporates a framework, that I developed, for designing navigation and control structures for multimedia. This framework will help developers to provide users with flexibility to use multimedia applications for different purposes and in different manners while using a consistent set of multimedia controls and navigation structures.

Previous ISO standards which I helped develop as an expert member of TC 159 /SC 4/ WG 5 include:

ISO/TR 9241-100 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Introduction to software-ergonomics

This provides an overview of the various current and envisioned future software ergonomic standards as well as a framework for adding future standards that are not yet envisioned.

ISO 9241-171 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Guidance on software accessibility (a major expansion from the techincal specificaiton ISO TS 16071), 2008

The Universal Access Reference Model, that I developed, was used in this standard in order to expand the set of guidance beyond that from ISO TS 16071.

ISO 9241-151 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Software ergonomics for World Wide Web user interfaces,  2008

This provides a variety of ergonomic guidelines (other than accessibility related guidelines) relating to the design of Web applications. (It deferrs accessibility guidance to WCAG.)
ISO 9241-110 Dialogue Principles, 2006

This was a major revision and expansion of ISO IS 9241-10.

ISO 14915 Multimedia user interface design - Software ergonomics requirements - Part 1: Introduction and framework, 2003

A major contribution of mine to this standard involves defining the main stakeholders of multimedia applications. Whereas traditional systems development largely considers only developers and users, it is important that multimedia development consider developers, information providers, and information consumers. It is important to distinguish between the needs and motivations of those people who provide content to an application and those who are intended to use it. Many Web sites and other multimedia presentations fail because they only serve the needs and motivations of the information providers.

ISO 14915 Multimedia user interface design - Software ergonomics requirements - Part 3: Selection of media and media combination, 2003

I provided various technical and structural suggestions during the development of this standard.

ISO 9241-13 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDT's) - Part 13: User Guidance, 1999

I was involved in bringing together two competing national contributions that formed the basis of this standard as well as with the technical content and wording of the standard.

ISO 9241-16 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDT's) - Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues, 1999.

I was involved in the technical content and wording of the standard and provided various additions to the initial content.

ISO 9241-14 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDT's) - Part 14: Menu dialogues, 1997

I was involved in the technical content and wording of this standard.

ISO 9241-10 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDT's) - Part 10: Dialogue principles,  1996

I was involved in the development of this standard in a variety of ways, including: reviewing technical content, editing the grammar (since its project leader's main language was other than English), identifying additions, and helping to reach a internationally acceptable consensus on the contents of the standard.

One addition that I helped develop, dealing with an approach to design, was later split out of the standard and led to the establishment of a project (conducted by another working group) on the "human centered design processes for interactive systems".

 

TC 159/SC 4/WG 6

Human-Centred Design Processes for Interactive Systems

I have been a technical expert member of this standards developing working group since 2002.

I am currently an expert committee member working on:

ISO/TR 9241-210 Ergonomics of human system interaction - Human-centred design for interactive systems, FDIS 2009

This standard expands upon and replaces ISO 13407, the main user-centered process design standard.

I was the co-editor (co-main author) of:

ISO IS 9241-20 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Accessibility guideline for information communication equipment and services ­ General Guidelines, 2008

This standard incorporates the Universal Access Reference Model, that I developed, for as a basis for organizaing high level ergonomic guidance for computer (hardware and software) systems.


TC 159/SC 4/WG 9

Tactile and Haptic Interactions

I was the person responsible for having WG9 established and have been its convenor since its establishment in 2005.

I developed the 1st working draft of eacdh of the following and am convenor of the working group developing:

ISO IS 9241-910 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Framework for Tactile and Haptic Interactions, DIS 2009

This standard incorporates a Tactile Refernce Model that I led the development of. It uses this model  as a basis for organizaing  ergonomic guidance for tactile and haptic interactions.

Previous ISO standards which I helped develop as an expert member and  convenor of the working group include:

ISO IS 9241-920 Ergonomics of human system interaction- Guidance on Tactile and Haptic Interactions, 2009

This standard incorporates a Tactile Refernce Model that I led the development of. It uses this model  as a basis for organizaing  ergonomic guidance for tactile and haptic interactions.


International Standards Organization / International Electrotechnic Commission

JTC 1/SC 35

User Interfaces

I have been a technical expert member of this standards developing in this subcommittee since 2000. I was deputy convenor of working group 3 "Symbols" in this subcommittee from 2002 until 2004 when it was merged with working group 2, and was convenor of the other working group on User Interface Accessibility since its founding in 2006 until its merger with WG6 in 2007. I have been convenor of working group 7 "User Interface Objects, Actions, and Attributes" since its founding in 2004 and have been convenor working group 6 on User Interface Accessibility since 2007. I am currently an active member of working groups 2, 4, 6, and 7.

I am currently the editor (main author) of:
ISO/IEC 13066-1 Information Technology — Interoperability with Assistive Technology (AT) — Part 1: Requirements and recommendations for interoperability, CD 2009

This formalizes the layered architecture of hardware to hardware, hardware to software, and software to software connections that have long been implicit in the IT definitions of ISO/IEC JTC1. It also recognizes the central role that accessibility application programming interfaces (accessibility APIs) play in aiding this interoperability. It has also led to the initiation of work to develop additional parts to this standard to describe the major accessibility APIs.
ISO/IEC TR 11581-1 Information Technology — User Interface Icons —Introduction to and overview of icon standards, DTR 2010

This oultines the major restructuring of icon standards that resulted from a set of task force recommendations that I authored.
ISO/IEC IS 11581-10 Information Technology — User Interface Icons —Framework and General Guidance, FDIS 2010

This combines and expands upon the guidance of the original 11581-1 and 19766.
ISO/IEC IS 11581-41 Information Technology — User Interface Icons —Data structure to be used by the ISO/IEC JTC1/SC35 Icon repository, WD 2010

This provides technical requirements for creating an ISO/IEC icon database based on ISO/IEC 11581-10 and ISO/IEC 11581-40.

Standards which I am currently helping develop as an expert member of ISO/IEC JTC1/ SC35 include:
ISO/IEC 11581-40 Information technology ― User system interfaces and symbols ― Icon symbols and functions ― Management of Icon registration, FCD 2009

This provides the procedures for establishing an ISO/IEC icon database as a repository for standardized icons. This repository will replace having individual standard parts containing different subsets of icons.
ISO/IEC 13066-2 Information Technology - Interoperability with Assistive Technology (AT) - Part 2: Windows Automation Framework accessibility API, WD 2009

This is one of a series of technical reports describing major accessibility APIs.
ISO/IEC 13066-3 Information Technology - Interoperability with Assistive Technology (AT) - Part 3: IAccessible2 accessibility API, WD 2009

This is one of a series of technical reports describing major accessibility APIs.
ISO/IEC 13066-4 Information Technology - Interoperability with Assistive Technology (AT) - Part 4: UNIX accessibility API, WD 2010

This is one of a series of technical reports describing major accessibility APIs.
ISO/IEC 13066-6 Information Technology - Interoperability with Assistive Technology (AT) - Part 4: JAVA accessibility API, WD 2010

This is one of a series of technical reports describing major accessibility APIs.
ISO/IEC 24786 Information Technology — User Interfaces — Accessible User Interface for Accessibility Setting on Information Devices , FDIS 2009

This standard focuses on making accesibility settings accessible.
ISO/IEC 29136 Information Technology — User Interfaces — Accessibility features for personal computers, CD 2009

This standard fills the role of a hardware counterpart to ISO 9241-171.

I was the project leader (main author) of:

ISO/IEC IS 24738 Icon symbols and functions for multimedia link attributes, 2006

This standard was designed to provide icons for the functions that I identified in ISO 14915-2.

ISO/IEC TR 19766 Guidelines for the design of icons and symbols to be accessible to all users, including the elderly and persons with disabilities, 2007

This techincal report considerably expands on the framework for developing icions first introduced in ISO/IEC 11581-1.

ISO/IEC TR 11580 Model for describing user interface objects, actions, and attributes, 2007

This technical report expands upon and replaces work originally developed for ISO/IEC 11580 that made use of my Taxonomy of User Interface Functions.

I was the co-editor (co-main author) of:

ISO/IEC IS 24756 Framework for specifying a common access profile (CAP) of needs and capabilities of users, systems, and their environments, 2009

This standard expands upon the Universal Access Reference Model, that I developed, for as a basis for describing and evaluating the accessibility needs and issues of users, systems, and environments.

Previous ISO standards which I helped develop as an expert member of ISO/IEC JTC1/ SC35 include:

ISO/IEC TR 19765 Survey of icons and symbols that provide access to functions and facilities to improve the use of IT products by the elderly and persons with disabilities, 2007

This technical report provides a collection of accessibility related icons currently in use in various environments.

ISO/IEC 18035 Information technology - Icon symbols and functions for controlling multimedia software applications, 2003.

This standard was designed to provide icons for the functions that I identified in ISO 14915-2.

ISO/IEC 18036 Information technology - Icon symbols and functions for World Wide Web browser toolbars, 2003.

I was involved in the technical content and wording of the standard and provided additions to the initial content.



JTC1/SWG-Accessibility

I have been an expert member of this special working group since its founding in 2004

I was the editor (co-main author) of:
ISO/IEC TR 29138-1 Information Technology — Accessibility Considerations for People with Disabilities — Part 1: User Needs Summary, 2009

I was a contributing author to this work, but was asked to take on editorship to progress it through the official standardization process.
ISO/IEC TR 29138-2, Information Technology – Accessibility Considerations for People with Disabilities – Part 2: Standards inventory, 2009

I was a contributing author to this work, but was asked to take on editorship to progress it through the official standardization process.
ISO/IEC TR 29138-3, Information Technology – Accessibility Considerations for People with Disabilities – Part 3: Guidance on User Needs Mapping, 2009

I was the main author of this work which provides a means of systematically applying the information contained in part 1.


Joint WG of JTC1/SC7 Software Engineering and ISO/TC159/SC4 Ergonomics of Human System Interaction on Common Industry Formats for Usability Reports

I have been an expert member of this joint working group since its founding in 2006.

Standards which I am currently helping develop as an expert member of ISO/IEC JTC1/ SC35 include:
ISO/IEC TR 25060 Common industry format for usability – General framework for usability-related information, DTR 2009

This framework is incorporating various concepts from my Putting Usability First methodology as well as contributing to the evolution of this methodology.


Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada

Canadian Advisory Committee ISO TC 159/SC 4 Ergonomics of Human System Interaction

This is the Canadian standards developing counterpart and Technical Advisory Group to ISO/TC 159/ SC 4

I have been chair of this committee since 2000. As chair of the committee I am responsible to "ensure that Canada's interests in all phases of the technical work, within the scope of the corresponding ISO committee, are adequately covered. This includes developing a "coordinated response, comments, and voting recommendations" on relevant ISO documents. In 2003 I acted as host of the annual meeting of ISO/TC 159/SC 4 in Calgary Alberta.

I have been an expert member since establishment of this committee in 1996. As a member of this group, I have reviewed, commented on, and voted on various draft standard documents.

I also represent Canada on ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5, WG6, and WG9 on behalf of this committee.


Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada

Canadian Advisory Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 35

User Interfaces

This is the Canadian standards developing counterpart and Technical Advisory Group to ISO/IEC JTC 1/ SC 35.

I have been vice-chair of this committee since 2003.

I have been an expert member since establishment of this committee in 2000. As a member of this group, I have reviewed, commented on, and voted on various draft standard documents.

I also represent Canada on ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 35/WG 2, WG 4, WG6, WG7 and WG8 on behalf of this committee.

 

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada

Canadian Advisory Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 Accessibility

User Interfaces

This is the Canadian standards developing counterpart and Technical Advisory Group to ISO/IEC JTC 1 SWG Accessibility.

I have been chair of this committee since its establishment in 2004.

As a member of this group, I am helping to define the scope of both the CSC and the ISO/IEC SWG

 

Human Factors and Ergonomics Society / American National Standards Institute

Human-Computer Interaction Standards Committee (HFES-200)

I have been a member of this committee since 1988, and was publications coordinator 1990-1994. I was most active with the committee prior to 1995, when the committee shifted its focus from developing sets of guidelines that were then submitted to ISO as working drafts of standards, to developing an American Standard based on the work of the ISO committee that it had previously been providing with drafts. At that point my emphasis shifted more to the ISO committee, TC 159/SC 4/WG 5, discussed above.

I was involved in the committee's development of:
HFES/ANSI 200 (Draft Standard for Trial Use) Software Ergonomics.

HFES HCISC, Dialog Techniques: Command Dialogs

(HFES HCISC Working Paper 02, Sept. 1993, 10 pages), originally completed and submitted as the American technical contribution to ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5 Oct. 16, 1989. This work has formed the basis of ISO 9241 Part 15. I was a "primary reviewer" on it.

HFES HCISC, User Guidance

(HFES HCISC Working Paper 03, Sept. 1993, 35 pages), originally completed and submitted as the American technical contribution to ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5 Sept. 7, 1991. This work has formed the basis of ISO 9241 Part 13.

HFES HCISC, Dialog Techniques: Forms Entry Dialogs

(HFES HCISC Working Paper 04, Sept. 1993, 11 pages), originally completed and submitted as the American technical contribution to ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5 Sept. 7, 1991. This work has formed the basis of ISO 9241 Part 17. I was a "primary reviewer" on it.

HFES HCISC, Windows

(15 pages), originally completed and submitted as the American technical contribution to ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5 Feb. 6, 1993. This work has been incorporated into ISO 9241 Part 12 Presentation of Information.

HFES HCISC, Design Process

(approximately 20 pages). Completed October 1994. I was a "primary reviewer" on it.

Note: in HCISC terminology, being a "primary reviewer" requires greater involvement than being a normal member of the development team, but less than being the "primary author".

 

Other Standards Activities

Other standards activities I am currently involved with include:

ISO TC 159/ WG2 Ergonomics for people with special requirements

I have been a member of this committee since its establishment in 2004. As an expert member I am monitoring the development of:

ISO TR 22411 Ergonomic data and guidelines for the application of ISO/IEC Guide 71 in standards related to products and services to address the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada Canadian Advisory Committee to ISO TC159 Ergonomics

I have been chair of this committee since 2005. As chair of this group I am responsible for recruiting and supervising chairs for Canadian Advisory Committees to the various SubCommittees of TC159.  I reviewe, comment on, and vote on  plans relating to the management of ergonomic standards development.

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada Canadian Advisory Committee to ISO TC159/SC1 Ergonomic Guiding Principles

I have been chair of this committee since Canada established it in 2004. As a member of this group, I have review, comment on, and vote on various draft standard documents.

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada Canadian Advisory Committee to JTC1/SC32 Databases

I have been a member of this committee since 2001. I am particularly interested in its work on semantic issues (metadata) related to electronic data interchange.

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada Canadian Advisory Committee to JTC1/SC7 Software Engineering

I was a member of this committee from 1993 to 1996 (when I was a reviewer of the base line practices portion of the SPICE standard ISO 15504-2. I have rejoined this committee in 2003 with particular interest in the work on Requirements Engineering and the joint work item related to Common Industry Formats for Usability Reports.

 
Other standards activities I have been involved with include:

Canadian Standards Association/Standards Council of Canada Canadian Advisory Committee to JTC1/TOS/TG9 User-Systems Interfaces and Symbols

This was the Canadian standards developing counterpart and Technical Advisory Group to ISO JTC1/SC 18/WG 9, which has since been reformed to become JTC1/SC 35.

I was an expert member of this committee from 1991 to 1996. As a member of this group, I reviewed, commented on, and voted on various draft standard documents.

IEEE P1201.2 Recommended Practice for Graphical User Interface Drivability

I was a ballot group member for this recommended practice between 1992 and 1996.